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NITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

' ARTHUR O. GRANGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNITED GAS IMPROVEMENT COMPANY, OESAME PLACE.

GAS APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 334,700, dated January 19. 1856- Application filed June 2, 1885. Serial No. 167,381. (No model.)

To (all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR O. GRANGER.

of the city and county of Philadelphia, and

State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new 5 and useful Improvementin Gas Apparatus, of

which the following is a specification.

My inven ion has reference to gas apparatus; and it consists in a superheater having a series of superhea'ting flues or passages surrounded by an external fine space, in combi nation with a generatorfor producing watergas, and connecting passages by which the products of combustion and the water-gas from the generator may be caused to pass, respect I ively,through the external flue for superheating said fixing-fines of the superheater, and in details ofconstruction, all of which are fully set forth in the following specification, and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form part thereof.

Prior to my invention I am aware that in metallurgical apparatus hot-blast ovens have been made in tubular compartments, through some of which gas from the blast-furnace is 2 burned, while through the others airis forced to become heated to supply the furnace through the iuyeresas, for instance, in Patent No. 125,138, of 1872, to Long, and in patent to Richards, No. 315,072, of 1885, is shown a 0 blast furnace combined with an ordinary Player hot-blast stove, the gases from the downcomer of the furnace being burned about the heating-pipes,through which the air to feed the tuyeres is forced and heated.

In my apparatus the superheater is so constructedv and combined with the generator that when heating up the products of combustion pass through one set of fines of the superheat-er; but when making gas the carbureted 4o water-gas passes through the other set of fines, the two operations taking place alternately, and not simultaneously, as in the above cases, and, further, the products which pass through both sets of dues emanate from the generator,

and are gaseous products.

The object of my invention is to cause the products of combustion from a gas-generator to pass around the outside of snperheating or fixing fines or fire-brick or other refractory 5o material whereby they are heated, and by which the water-gas,after being carbureted,

is fixed or made permanent by being caused to pass through the said external heated flues. This method of working enables theilluminating-gas to be rendered fixed or permanent,with all the effects of the former method of heating the fixing'chamber by internal combustion, and with none ot'the disadvantagesthereof,due

to clogging or filling up of the passages or fines from the products of combustion when heating up. The walls of the fines being comparatively thin and the heat on the outside thereof being very intense, the firebrick becomes heated to ineandescence, and when subsequently the water-gas,after being carbureted, 6 5 is passed through the said flues the heat thereof fixes the gas, making it permanent.

In the drawings; Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a water-gas apparatus embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the air-distributing nozzle removed from the bottom of the generator.

A is the generator. B is the superheater. The generator may be made in any of the wellknown manners, being provided with the grate C and the ash-pit D. Surrounding the ash-pit is placed a circular blast-nozzle, E. This nozzle is made in'the form of a box, and is ,provided with a large number of small apertures,

6, opening under the grate, and. by which air is finely divided and allowed to strike the under surface of the grate with an even distribution, thus causing a more perfectcombustion and less liability to mechanical disturbance than when a simple large blast orifice or 5 opening is used.

F is the air-supply pipe, and the blast is controlled by a suitable valve.

G is the steam-nozzle for admitting steam under the grate-bars.

, SuperheaterB is provided with a lower combustion-chamber, K, having an arched roof, J, which roof supports the filling H, consisting preferably of vertical tubes or passages opening into the chamber K through the roof thereof. These fixing-fines H are preferably formed of fire-brick or other refractory material, and the spaces I between them form a heating-flue. The chamber K and the space or lines I are connected with the generator by does N andN', respectively, either one of which may be closed by a valve, 0.

ized, and the carbnreted Lisa hydrocarbon-nozzle for admitting fluid hydrocarbon or other carbureting medium to the water-gas prior to its passage through the superheater.

M is a blast-pipe for admitting air to the heating flue or space I.

P is the gas-outlet from the top of the superheater and leads to the washer.

R is the chimney-flue, and is provided, as usual, with a suitable valve.

The operation is as follows: A fire being built in the generator, air is admitted by pipe F, and the products of combustion from the coal contained therein are caused to pass through flue N, and are burned in the space or flue I around the fixing-flue H, raising them to incandescence and passing off by chimney R. Vhen the superheater is heated, and the coal in the generator has been raised to incandescence. the blast from pipe F is shut off, valve R closed, blast from pipe M shut off. steam from pipe G admitted to the bottom of the generator, and hydrocarbon from nozzle L turned on. Now the water-gas produced in the generator passes through fine N into chamber K, where it mixes with hydrocarbon fluid, eitherin the liquid or highlysnbdivided condition, by spraying or being previously vaporwater-gas so produced passes up through the lines H, becoming fixed, and ultimately passes off by the pipe P of the washer or holder.

\Vhile the construction shown is simple, it is evident that the details thereofmay be modified in various ways without departing from my invention.

Having 110w described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A generator provided with steam and blast pipes, in combination with the superheater having two sets of tlues, one of which is external to the other, and connecting-fines by which the products of combustion pass through one set of fines and the water-gas passes through the other set of lines, and valves to control the passage of the products of combustion and water-gas to the said fines, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. A generator provided with steam and blast pipes, in combination with asuperheater having one or more fixing-fines through which the water-gas passes, and

a space or fine exterior to said fixing-fines, and through which products of combustion pass to heat the fixv ing-flues, and connecting valved passages by which said fines are connected with the generator, and hydrocarbon-nozzle to admit carbnreting-fluid to the water-gas prior to its passage through the fixing-fines, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. A generator provided with steam and blast pipes, in combination with a superheater having one or more fixing-flues through which the water-gas passes, and a space or flue exterior to said fixing-fines, and through which products of combustion pass to heat the fixingflues, connecting-passages by which said flnes are connected with thegenerator, a hydrocarbon nozzle to admit earbnreting-fluid to the water-gas prior to its passage through the fixing-tlues, and valve mechanism to automatic ally close one passage-way upon opening the other, and vice versa, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A generator for water-gas provided with steam and blast pipes, in combination with a superheater having two sets of dues, both communicating with the generator at one end and uniting at the other, a gas-outlet, and a valved chimney-fine, the products of combustion and Water-gas from said generator being alternately passed through the respective sets of tines in the superheater, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the generator A, provided with steam and blast pipes, with a superheater, B, having fines H and I, arch J, chamber K, passages N and N, and valve mechanism to control the openings through said passageways, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination of the generator A. provided with steam and blast pipes,with asnperheater, B, having tlues H and I, arch J, chamber K, blast-pipe M, hydrocarbon-nozzle L, passages N and N, and valve mechanism to control the openings through said passageways, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

ARTHUR O. GRANGER.

Witnesses:

R. M. HUNTER, WILLIAM G. MAYNE.

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